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Communist state
Communist state is a term used by historians and political scientists to refer to a state that aims to achieve socialism and then communism, usually with a professed allegiance to Marxism–Leninism as the guiding ideology of the state. Most communist states have been states with a form of government characterized by single-party rule or a dominant-party system.
These states did not use the term "communist state" to refer to themselves, since they did not claim to have achieved communism. Instead, they frequently called themselves socialist states, because they claimed to have established or to aim at establishing a socialist society, i.e., a society based on the principles of scientific socialism.
==Communist party as the leader of the state==
In the theories of German philosopher Karl Marx, a state in any society is an instrument of oppression by one social class over another, historically a minority exploiter class ruling over a majority exploited class. Marx saw that in his contemporary time, the new nation states were characterized by increasingly intensified class contradiction between the capitalist class and the working class it ruled over. He predicted that if the class contradictions of the capitalist system continue to intensify, that the working class will ultimately become conscious of itself as an exploited collective and will overthrow the capitalists and establish collective ownership over the means of production, therein arriving at a new phase of development called Socialism (in Marxist understanding). The state ruled by the working class during the transition into classless society is called the "dictatorship of the proletariat". Vladimir Lenin created revolutionary vanguard theory in an attempt to expand on the concept. Lenin saw that science is something that is initially practicable by only a minority of society who happen to be in a position free from distraction so that they may contemplate it, and believed that scientific socialism was no exception. He therefore advocated that the Communist party should be structured as a vanguard of those who have achieved full class consciousness to be at the forefront of the class struggle and lead the workers to expand class consciousness and replace the capitalist class as the ruling class, therein establishing the Proletarian state.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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